The Dust Bowl era brought to the nation’s attention the need to conserve soil and other resources.  In response, the federal Soil Conservation Service (SCS) was formed in 1935.  

It was clear local leadership was needed to coordinate efforts and tie the SCS programs to local priorities.  In 1937, senators began to promote legislation, and Congress developed district law for consideration by state governments.  

In 1939 Oregon Legislature passed legislation to establish conservation districts in Oregon.  Today, there are 45 individual soil and water districts across the state. 

Oregon SWCDs are governed through Oregon Revised Statutes (primarily ORS 568), Oregon Administrative Rules (OARS) and U.S. Codes.

At a minimum, SWCDs must comply with five basic requirements to stay legal and eligible to receive grant funding through Oregon Department of Agriculture. 

1. Establish and follow an Annual Work Plan
2. Establish and follow a Long Range Plan (10 Years)
3. Hold an Annual Meeting
4. Create an Annual Report
5. Create an Annual Financial Report 

Today, SWCDs are forms of local government that direct resource management programs at the local level.  Districts work with private landowners and partnering agencies to carry out projects for the conservation, wise-use and development of our natural resources.